Caffeine
CAFFEINE
Overview:
Caffeine is a natural substance that helps you feel less tired and more awake. You’ll find it in things like coffee, tea, cola, energy drinks, and even in some medications.
Classification: Central nervous system stimulants
Uses:
Fights sleepiness and helps keep you focused
Can help you stay mentally sharp during the day
Often added to pain relievers to make them work better (like in migraine treatment)
Sometimes used in newborns (especially premature babies) to help with breathing problems
How it works:
Caffeine helps you stay awake and focused by blocking a brain chemical called adenosine, which normally makes you feel drowsy.
By stopping adenosine, caffeine keeps your brain more active, helping you feel energized, alert, and a bit more awake. It can also slightly increase your heart rate and make you feel more awake physically and mentally.
Dosage: As prescribed by your doctor.
Side effects:
Having too much caffeine might cause:
Restlessness or shaky hands
Trouble falling asleep
Rapid heartbeat or a racing pulse
Stomach discomfort or acidity
Mild headaches, especially if you suddenly stop using it
Frequent urination
Feeling uneasy or anxious
Precautions:
Don’t have too much: Taking in large amounts of caffeine can make you feel nervous, interfere with sleep, or cause a fast heartbeat. It’s best to keep it moderate—about 1 to 3 cups of tea or coffee a day is usually safe.
If you’re sensitive, go slow: Some people react strongly to even small doses of caffeine, causing shakiness, headaches, or discomfort.
Avoid it before bedtime: Since caffeine keeps you alert, having it too late in the day (especially after the afternoon) can make it hard to fall asleep.
Pregnant or breastfeeding? Talk to your doctor. Too much caffeine might affect your baby, so it’s safer to limit your intake.
If you have heart issues, anxiety, or high blood pressure: Be careful—caffeine can sometimes worsen these problems.
Check food and medicine labels: Caffeine isn’t only in coffee—it’s also found in soft drinks, energy drinks, chocolate, and some pills like pain relievers or slimming products.
Disclaimer:
This content is for informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical advice and proper dosage
Ibuprofen
IBUPROFEN
Overview
Ibuprofen is a commonly used pain-relieving and anti-swelling medicine. It helps ease aches, reduce fever, and calm down inflammation. It’s often used for everyday discomforts like headaches, muscle pain, or joint issues.
Classification
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Uses
How It Works
Dosage
As prescribed by your doctor.
Side effects
While it works well for many, some people may notice:
Stomach pain or heartburn
Nausea or indigestion
Dizziness or feeling light-headed
Headache
Mild skin rash
Taking it with food can help avoid stomach irritation.
Precautions
Avoid taking on an empty stomach—can cause ulcers or irritation
People with kidney, liver, or heart issues should use it cautiously
Avoid using it for long periods without medical advice
Don’t mix with other NSAIDs (like aspirin or naproxen)
Can raise blood pressure in some individuals
May not be suitable during pregnancy, especially in later stages
Check with your doctor if you’re taking blood thinners or diuretics
Disclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical advice and proper
Paracetamol
PARACETAMOL
Overview
Paracetamol is a commonly used medication that helps relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce fever. It’s often used for:
Headaches
Toothaches
Muscle and back pain
Menstrual cramps
Cold and flu symptoms
It’s available over-the-counter and is considered safe when used as directed.
Classification
Analgesic and antipyretic agent
Uses
Paracetamol is used for pain relief and fever. It is used to relieve pain in conditions like headache, muscle pain, or dental pain.
How it works
When you produce a fever, your body’s internal thermostat — found in the hypothalamus portion of the brain — is raised to a higher temperature. This new set point is usually induced by pyrogens (substances made during infections) that tell the body to produce more heat as a form of immune defense.
Due to its effects in the brain, paracetamol reduces the production of reactive prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are disease-fighting chemicals released during infection that in turn, raise the body’s temperature set point. By decreasing prostaglandin levels, paracetamol enables the hypothalamus’ temperature control centre to bring the body’s temperature back down to normal, allowing the body to cool down and the fever to subside
Dosage
As directed by the physician
Precautions
Most people can take paracetamol safely, including:
pregnant women
breastfeeding women
children over 2 months of age – lower doses are recommended for young children
always get advice before taking paracetamol if you:
have liver or kidney problems
have problems with alcohol, like long-term alcohol misuse
are very underweight
are taking other medications
Don’t take paracetamol if you’ve had an allergic reaction to it in the past
Side effects
common side effects of paracetamol.
Nausea
Swelling
Vomiting
Pain
Tenderness in the upper abdomen
Sweating
Loss of appetite
Stomach cramps
Diarrhea
Major side effects are as follows:
Dark-colored urine
High fever
Lower backache
Skin having red spots
Rashes
Inflammation
Itching
Sore throat
Ulcers
Breathlessness
Yellowish eyes
Disclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical advice and proper dosage.
