Allopurinol
ALLOPURINOL
Overview:
Allopurinol is a medication that helps decrease elevated uric acid levels in the body. It is primarily used to prevent gout flare-ups and lower the likelihood of developing kidney stones.
Classification: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Uses:
It is used to reduce the risk of gout flare-ups by decreasing uric acid concentrations in the blood. Prevent and manage the development of kidney stones resulting from uric acid buildup. Control elevated uric acid levels in patients receiving cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, which may lead to tumor lysis syndrome. Assist individuals with specific enzyme disorders that cause increased uric acid levels.
How it works:
Allopurinol acts in the inhibition of an enzyme called xanthine oxidase which is involved in manufacture of uric acid in an individual. This enzyme is inhibited thus controlling the quantity of uric acid produced. This diminishes the crystal build of uric acids in the joints to cause gout and also in the kidney to cause kidney stones. In other words: Lower activity of an enzyme and uric acid levels decline => The risk of developing gout and kidney stones drops.
Dosage: As prescribed by your doctor.
Side effects:
Nausea or upset stomach
Skin rash
Diarrhea
Drowsiness or dizziness
Precautions:
Before beginning allopurinol, be sure to tell your doctor about any kidney or liver condition you are experiencing or have experienced a severe allergic reaction to any other medication in the past. It is also essential to start using allopurinol only after the gout attack period is over since it can result in an escalation of pain. Also remember to drink a lot of water to prevent kidney stones. Moreover, do tell your doctor of any other drugs that you are taking currently because allopurinol can interact with some drugs, such as azathioprine, or warfarin among others. Stop using the medication and go to the doctor as soon as possible in case you want to develop a rash, fever, or swelling due to the latter symptoms signifying a severe allergic reaction.
Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical advice and proper dosage.
